A one-tonne consignment of popped makhana has been flagged off from Purnea in Bihar to Greece, facilitated by the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA), the Commerce Ministry said on Friday.
The makhana was sourced by Indo Global Export of Belouri, Purnea, and is being exported through S.S. Foods Exports Pvt. Ltd. It will be shipped from Mundra Port in Gujarat to Piraeus Port in Greece.
The ministry said the export earned a higher price than the prevailing domestic selling price, showing how global markets can add value for makhana producers.
Bihar's Makhana Story in Numbers
| Indicator | Figure |
|---|
| Bihar's share of India's output | ~80–85% |
| Area under cultivation in Bihar | 35,000+ hectares |
| Districts growing makhana | 10 |
| India's makhana exports (FY 2025–26) | 7,000+ MT, worth $22 million |
| Export destinations | 20+ countries |
Why It Matters: Bihar Grows It, Others Have Sold It
The significance of this shipment is less about its size and more about where it starts. Although Bihar is India's top makhana producer, it has long lacked processing and export infrastructure, forcing it to sell raw fox nuts cheaply to other states like Punjab and Assam, which dominate exports.
A consignment sourced in Purnea, one of Bihar's key makhana districts, points to a gradual shift: more value staying closer to where the crop is grown. If farmers and local firms can sell directly into global markets, they stand to capture more of the premium that processed makhana earns abroad.
In terms of volume, one tonne is small, a tiny fraction of the 7,000-plus tonnes exported last year. But as a proof of concept for direct exports from Bihar to Europe, it is a meaningful step.
The Building Blocks Already in Place
- GI tag: "Mithila Makhana" received a Geographical Indication tag in August 2022, protecting its identity and supporting exports.
- Makhana Board: The Union Budget announced a Makhana Board in Bihar to improve production, processing, value addition and marketing, and the National Makhana Board has since been launched.
- State support: Bihar Agriculture Minister Vijay Kumar Sinha said the state is working on an Agri Export Policy and has developed packhouses to support the makhana export value chain.
What Comes Next
APEDA has been building market links for Indian makhana in international markets, including Europe. Expanding such direct exports could help Bihar's producers diversify their buyers and earn better returns.
The Bottom Line
A single tonne bound for Greece won't transform Bihar's makhana economy on its own. But a shipment that starts in Purnea and ends in Europe shows the path the state wants its farmers to take: from selling raw seeds to selling finished products to the world.
With inputs from IANS.